ĬAR-T cells can be either derived from T cells in a patient's own blood ( autologous) or derived from the T cells of another healthy donor ( allogeneic). CAR T cells can be both CD4+ and CD8+, with a 1-to-1 ratio of both cell types providing synergistic antitumor effects. Scientists harvest T cells from people, genetically alter them, then infuse the resulting CAR-T cells into patients to attack their tumors. The premise of CAR-T immunotherapy is to modify T cells to recognize cancer cells in order to more effectively target and destroy them. The receptors are chimeric because they combine both antigen-binding and T cell activating functions into a single receptor.ĬAR-T cell therapy uses T cells engineered with CARs for cancer therapy. After a certain time period, the engineered T cells are infused back into the patient.Ĭhimeric antigen receptor T cells (also known as CAR T cells) are T cells that have been genetically engineered to produce an artificial T cell receptor for use in immunotherapy.Ĭhimeric antigen receptors ( CARs, also known as chimeric immunoreceptors, chimeric T cell receptors or artificial T cell receptors) are receptor proteins that have been engineered to give T cells the new ability to target a specific protein. The newly modified T cells are then further harvested and grown in the lab.ĥ. Thus producing the CAR receptors (labeled as c) on the surface of the cells.Ĥ. Then in a lab setting the gene that encodes for the specific antigen receptors are incorporated into the T cells.ģ. T cells (represented by objects labeled as ’t’) are removed from the patient's blood.Ģ. The final result should be a production of equipped T cells that can recognize and fight the infected cancer cells in the body.ġ. The diagram above represents the process of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (CAR), this is a method of immunotherapy, which is a growing practice in the treatment of cancer.
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